About This Section
Graphic from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpeg – a good overview of which technology that is used for what:
MPEG Comparison
MPEG-1
- MPEG-1
- Approved November 1991
- VHS-quality
- Enabled Video CD
- Enabled CD-ROM
- Enabled mp3 audio
MPEG-2
- Approved November 1994
- DVD-quality
- Enabled Digital TV set-top boxes
- Enabled Digital Versatile Disk (DVD)
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD-Video
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2
MPEG-4
- (In this case/context, before Part 10 existed, MPEG-4 refer to the first generation of standards.)
- MPEG-4 Part 2, a.k.a MPEG-4 Visual
- Approved October 1998
- Scalable quality
- Based on QuickTime File Format
- Scalable delivery — from cell phones to satellite TV.
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2
(The three sections above were the ones ever existed at old.jandp.biz. The below were added once moved onto a CMS.)
( Motion JPEG, M-JPEG, MJPEG )
NOTE: Not part of ‘MPEG’ family of standards. Only mentioning it here as kind-of similar names and sometime can be intermixed in articles that are less clear of the differences in standards.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_JPEG
H.262
- ‘H.262[1] or MPEG-2 Part 2 (formally known as ITU-T Recommendation H.262 and ISO/IEC 13818-2,[2] also known as MPEG-2 Video)’
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2
H.263
- Released 1996
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.263
- ‘designed as a low-bit-rate compressed format for videoconferencing.’
H.264, AVC, MPEG-4 Part 10
- Released 2003
- Used on Blu-ray disks, videos on Internet including streaming services
- Apple support:
- macOS 10.3.9 (Panther, Apr 2005) with Quicktime 7
- iOS: All generations
- apple.fandom.com/wiki/H.264
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding
H.265, HEVC, MPEG-H Part 2
- Released 2013
- HEVC / H.265 are supported by Apple devices:
- macOS High Sierra (10.13, first rel. Sep 2017) or later
- iOS 11 (first rel. Sep 2017) or later
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding
- More in our H.265 section.
Other Sections
- Technical (MPEG) (/mlabs/video/mpeg/technical/)
- /mlabs/video/videores1908/ for one analysis into variants of media files, one MPEG-H/H.265/HEVC plus variants of MPEG-4:
- H.265 /HEVC, from Apple iPhone
- H.264 / AVC, as format of file when ‘sent’ via email (i.e. uploaded to Apple iCloud, made available for download by recipients of email)
- ‘MPEG-4’ (1998) / MPEG-4 Visual, by own specific conversion (test)
Older Material, before H.264, H.265
From old.jandp.biz
MPEG-1 | Low quality, movie fits onto a CD (VCD; up to 800MB) | 352×240 NTSC 352×288 PAL/SECAM |
|
MPEG-2 | Broadcast quality, DVD Video that you can buy; satellite, over-the-air [digital] broadcasts, … |
NTSC, 29.97 fps 720×480 (Full D1) 704×480 352×480 (Half D1) 352×240 PAL/SECAM, 25fps 720×576 (Full D1) 704×576 352×576 (Half D1) 352×288 |
|
MPEG-2 PS (program stream) – as used on DVDs (VOB) and HD DVD (EVO) | |||
MPEG2 TS (transport stream) – used in DVB and ATSC. | |||
MPEG-4 | Much better than any earlier – better quality and smaller files. MPEG-4 |
A Few Selected Resolutions
Some resolutions of more interest in regard to viewing media on television sets, and computer monitors as comparison.
Common Use |
Pixels | Name | Aspect Ratio |
DVD (disc) |
TiVo DVR |
|
2048×1536 | QXGA | 1.33/4:3 | ||||
HD TV | 1920×1080 | HD 1080 | 1.78/16:9 | |||
1600×1200 | UXGA | 1.33/4:3 | ||||
1400×1050 | SXGA+ | 1.33/4:3 | ||||
1280×1024 | SXGA | 1.25/5:4 | ||||
HD TV | 1280×720 | HD 720 | 1.78/16:9 | |||
1152×864 | XGA+ | 1.33/4:3 | ||||
1024×768 | XGA | 1.33/4:3 | ||||
800×600 | SVGA | 1.33/4:3 | ||||
video | 768×576 | PAL | ||||
video | 720×480 | NTSC, Full D1 |
1.5/3:2 | Yes | Yes | Typical format for modern widescreen DVDs you buy. |
video | 704×480 | 1.47/ | Yes | Yes | (Cropped Full D1) | |
640×480 | VGA | 1.33/4:3 | common format for video on digital cameras (still; not video) | |||
video | 544×488 | 3/4 D1 | 1.13/ | ? | Yes | |
video | 480×480 | 2/3 D1 | 1/1:1 | ? | Yes | Some TiVo recordings (e.g. from 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009) |
video | 352×480 | 1/2 D1 | 0.73/11:15 | Yes | Yes | Some TiVo recordings (e.g. a Simpsons fr 2007) |
video | 288×240 | 1.2/6:5 | 1) | 1) practical test Jan’09 – did work, from Mac (w Desktop 1.94); but NOT via PC (Desktop 2.6.2(?)). A media that was MPEG-1 and transformed to MPEG-2 (PS) via VLC. Note: ended up w/ 25 fps and that could be the problem with Desktop on Windows. Did however play decently on the TiVo. |
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VGA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vector_Video_Standards2.svg
http://www.videotechnology.com/0904/formats.html
D1
http://www.videohelp.com/glossary?all#D1
D1
A video resolution standard. In the NTSC system, “Full D1” means 720×480 pixels, and in the PAL and SECAM systems full D1 is 720×576. You also see “cropped D1”, which is 704xNN, which is useful because the 8 pixels on either edge of the video frame aren’t supposed to contain useful information. Therefore, some programs will prefer the cropped D1 resolution to save bandwidth. Other popular resolutions are often described in terms of D1: the SVCD resolution is 2/3 D1 (480xNN) and 352xNN is 1/2 D1. Occasionally you see SIF somewhat inaccurately described as 1/4 D1. videographica
TiVo MPEG-2 (Series 2, as well as Series 3)
See also main area for TiVo and specifically MPEG-2 Video. MPEG-2 encodings that works on TiVo DVRs (MPEG-4 is NOT supported on Series 2’s):
Resolution |
“The higher the resolution, the better the video quality and the larger the resulting file, |
Bit Rate |
“The higher the bit rate, the better the video quality and the larger the resulting file. |
Frame Rate |
|
Aspect Ratio |
|
Audio |
|
VC-1
A technology from Microsoft competing with MPEG-2 and MPEG-4, used in TiVo Series 3 (including HD variants), Netflix, etc.
Technical overview –
http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/howto/articles/vc1techoverview.aspx
- netflix vc-1 – www.google.com/search?q=netflix+vc-1
- blog.netflix.com/2008/11/encoding-for-streaming.html:
- “Our first set of encodes are based on WMV3 and WMA in ASF with WMDRM10 (Janus). We chose these standards because the Janus components have been widely adopted by our CE partners such as Roku, LG Electronics, Samsung, TiVo, and of course Microsoft Xbox.”
- “The new Silverlight player (that some users are helping us test as I write) uses VC1 Advanced Profile encoding with PlayReady DRM.”
- blog.netflix.com/2008/11/encoding-for-streaming.html:
- WMDRM10 tivo – www.google.com/search?q=WMDRM10+tivo
- tivo vc-1 – www.google.com/search?q=tivo+vc-1